Mohamed Abd Elaziz(1) and Mohamed Nael Khattab*(2)
(1). Crops Field Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Latakia, Syia.
(*Corresponding author: Dr. Mohamed Nael Khattab. E-Mail: aboalabd876@gmail.com).
Received: 08/06/2017 Accepted: 19/09/2017
Abstract
Nine Syrian cotton genotypes i.e. Aleppo 33/1, Aleppo 118, Aleppo 90, Aleppo 40, Aleppo 124 Rakka5, Deir Al-Zour 22, Line 106 and Rusafa, were used for statistical and genetic analysis for productivity and some chemical indicators of seeds: Lint percentage%, cotton weight per plant/g, percent of oil in seeds and pulp, percent of protein in seeds and pulp, percent of humidity in seeds and pulp, to explore the potentiality of the genotypes in the studied region, and to establish a program for the production of cotton and seeds, also to determine the selective indecies to be used to improve cotton productivity and seed components, using randomized complete block design with three replications. The experiment was conducted in Salhab village, Al-Ghab region, Hama governorate, Syria, during 2015 season. Analysis of variance indicated that the genotypes differ significantly at 5% for all studied characters, except for percentages of protein and moisture of cotton seeds core. This revealed large differences between genotypes in all traits. The genotypes i.e. Aleppo 40, Raqqa 5 and Aleppo 118 surpassed significantly the other genotype in all studied traits, and had high heritability values. Allepo40 gave the highest percentage of protein in seeds (28.37%), and moisture in seeds (8.57%), while Rakka5 resulted the highest oil and core protein percentages in seeds (21.67%, and 35,6%), respectively, but, Allepo118 had the highest oil percentage of seeds core (40.53%), pulp moisture (9.31%) and plant productivity (128.13 g). The heritability values for all studied characters ranged from 0.5 to 0.75. An increase in the percentage of oil and protein in the pulp compared to the seeds was noticed. The increment percentage in oil was 64.46% in Raqqa5 to 99.38% in Aleppo90, but the increase percentage in protein was 21.50% in Aleppo40 to 43.12% in Allepo124, this indicates the genetic variability between genotypes in the studied traits. The oil percentage was higher than protein in the seeds and pulp, also the percentage of increase for both. The average increase in oil and protein in the pulp and seed were (84.3% 30.97%, respectively). Some selection indices were detected depending on the positive significant correlation of some traits, especially lint percentage with cotton productivity (r2=0.437*). The cluster analysis showed a significant genetic diversity between the studied genotypes, this led to a fruitful hybridization in order to obtain high hybrid vigor.
Keywords: Cotton, Heritability, Genetic advance, Correlation coefficient.
Full paper in Arabic: PDF